ABSTRACT
Objective Recent studies have found that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass( RYGB) can inhibit the levels of blood glucose in type 2 diabetes,but its mechanism still remains unknown. In present study,we observed the effect of RYGB on insulin and GLP-1of type 2 diabetes mice. Methods The 12-week-old male SD rats were divided into four groups:group A ( no surgery,normal diet) ,Group B ( no surgery,DM diet+STZ injection) ,group C ( gastric bypass surgery+normal diet) ,group D ( gastric bypass surgery+DM diet+STZ injection) . One week after surgery rehabilitation,the diabetes model was built by STZ ( revulsant of the classical diabetes model) and high-fat-control diet. After four months,the changes of blood glucose,OGTT,body weight,food intake,water intake in each group were examined. Furthermore,the patho-logical changes of insulin and pancreatic were detected by HE staining. Meanwhile,the liver PEPCK gene and protein expression were detec-ted by using RT-PCR and Western blot. Results Four groups of rats all have significant changes in diet and weight. HE staining suggests the disseminated hyperemia and edema in pancreas and showed that islet has been severe damaged. Compared with no treatment normal diet,nor-mal rat+DM diet+STZ injection,has a markedly elevated blood glucose level 3 days later,insulin,OGTT,GLP,and ITT all have remarkable changes in different time periods,with a statistically significance (P<0. 05). Compared with the normal rat+DM diet+STZ injection group, RYGB + DM diet+ STZ injection group showed that these indicators of pancreas pathological changes significantly,glucose,insulin,OGTT, GLP,ITT all have significantly drop,as well as the gene and protein expression of PEPCK (P<0. 05). Conclusion RYGB can exert influ-ence on the change of insulin,OGTT,GLP,ITT and PEPCK in islets of type 2 diabetes rats,which may play a positive role in the further clini-cal applications.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effects of early rehabilitation training on endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs),stromal cell-derived factor alpha 1 (SDF-lα) and motor function recovery in hemiplegic patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods Fifty hemiplegic patients after a first acute cerebral infarction were randomly divided into a control group (n =25) and an experimental group (n =25).Both groups of patients were given routine drug therapy,while the experimental group also received early rehabilitation (within 48 hours of onset).EPCs and SDF-1α levels in peripheral blood were measured before and after one week of treatment,and Fugl-Meyer assessments and modified Barthel index scoring were conducted at admission and after three months of treatment.Results There was no difference between the 2 groups before the treatment.After a week of treatment,however,the EPC and SDF-1α values of both groups had increased,with those of the experimental group increasing significantly more than in the control group.Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the increase in EPCs was positively correlated with the SDF-1α increment in the first week.After 3 months of treatment,the average FMA and MBI results of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group.Conclusion Early rehabilitation training can help to further improve the recovery of motor function for hemiplegic patients after acute cerebral infarction.This may be related to its effect in upregulating the expression of SDF-1α,thus contributing to the mobilization of EPCs in the bone marrow.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effect of electroacupuncture on CD 34 +VEGFR2 +endothelial progenitor cell (EPC)-derived vessels and stromal cell-derived factor-1α(SDF-1α)/CXCR4, and study its mechanism of promoting an-giogenesis in hippocampus after focal cerebral ischemia /reperfusion .Methods A total of 180 healthy male adult Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into sham operation (sham) group, model (I/R) group, electroacupuncture (I/RE) group, I/RE plus AMD3100 (A specific antagonist of CXCR4) group (I/REA) and AMD3100 (I/RA) group. The rats received filament occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery for 2 hours followed by reperfusion .Electroacupunc-ture was applied to “Baihui” (GV20)/“Siguan” (Hegu LI 4/Taichong LR 3) acupoints for 30 min, once a day.The mR-NA expression of SDF-1αand CXCR4 were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR) .Double immunofluorescence was used to stain CD 34 +VEGFR2 +EPC-derived vessels.Results Compared with the sham group, the mRNA expressions of SDF-1αand CXCR4 were significantly upregulated in I/R and I/RE group ( P<0.05 ) , but that in I/RE group was more significantly increased than I/R group(P<0.05).In addition, the mRNA expression of SDF-1αand CXCR4 were highly increased on day 1 in the I/REA group than that of I/RE group, but decreased than that of I/RE group on day 7 after reperfusion (P<0.01).CD34 +VEGFR2 +EPCs-derived vessels were obviously increased on 3d and 7d in the I/RE group compared with that of the I/R group, and significantly decreased on 7d in the I/REA group compared with that of the I/RE group ( P<0.01) .Conclusions Electroacupuncture can effectively promote an-giogenesis through upregulating the expression of SDF-1αand CXCR4 in rat ischemic hippocampus after focal cerebral is-chemia/reperfusion.